PartOfSpeech

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1244

Identifier: auxiliary   Type: simple   Origin: ?   Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: verb

Definition: Part of speech referring to the set of verbs, subordinate to the main lexical verb which help to make distinction in mood, aspect, voice etc.
Source: Crystal 2003

Example: Be
Source:

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-2345

Identifier: classifier   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Definition: part of speech related to a noun to express the sub-classes to which a noun belongs.
Source:
Note: Originally used to express the unit of a noun in counting.

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-2083

Identifier: closeBracket   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: close punctuation

Definition: Punctuation that is graphically represented by ]
Source:

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-2085

Identifier: closeCurlyBracket   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: close punctuation

Definition: Punctuation that is graphically represented by }
Source:

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-2079

Identifier: closePunctuation   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: punctuation

Definition: End of a paired punctuation.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-2276

Identifier: countableNoun   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: noun

Definition: noun referring to one or several concepts that may be counted
Source:

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-2086

Identifier: declarativePunctuation   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: main punctuation

Definition: Punctuation used at the end a declarative sentence.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-3860

Identifier: elativeNoun   Type: simple   Origin:    Profiles: Private, Morphosyntax

Definition: noun to express both comparative and superlative
Source:

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1423

Identifier: foreignText   Type: simple   Origin: 212   Profiles: Morphosyntax, Terminology

Definition: Markup used to identify a word, phrase, or extended text as belonging to some language other than that of the surrounding text.
Source: ISO12620

Example: In the German text of DIN EN ISO 9000-1, some terms are retained in English: Vertragliche Anwendung von Beurteilungs- und Genehmigungs- oder Registrierungs-Systemen (second party)
Source: ISO16642

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1886

Identifier: foreignWord   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Definition: Word belonging to some language other than that of the surrounding text.
Source: Gil Francopoulo

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1888

Identifier: formula   Type: simple   Origin: 325   Profiles: Morphosyntax, Terminology

Definition: Figures, symbols or the like used to express a concept briefly, such as a mathematical or chemical formula.
Source: ISO12620

Example: H2O is the chemical formula for water.
Source: Mitre

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-2077

Identifier: hyphen   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: secondary punctuation

Definition: Punctuation that is graphically presented as "-".
Source:

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-3856

Identifier: instrumentNoun   Type: simple   Origin:    Profiles: Private, Morphosyntax

Definition: noun expressing an instrument of the action
Source:

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-3859

Identifier: intensiveNoun   Type: simple   Origin:    Profiles: Private, Morphosyntax

Definition: noun that emphasizes another noun
Source:

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-2087

Identifier: interrogativePunctuation   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: main punctuation

Definition: Punctuation used when the sentence is interrogative.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-2088

Identifier: invertedQuestionMark   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: interrogative punctuation

Definition: Punctuation used in certain languages at the beginning of an interrogative sentence.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1889

Identifier: letter   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Definition: Letter.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-2075

Identifier: mainPunctuation   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: punctuation

Definition: Punctuation that is more important than a secondary punctuation with regards to sentence splitting in a text.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-3854

Identifier: mannerNoun   Type: simple   Origin:    Profiles: Private, Morphosyntax

Definition: noun expressing a manner
Source:

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-2277

Identifier: massNoun   Type: simple   Origin: 255   Profiles: Morphosyntax, Terminology

Is a: noun

Definition: Designation of a term or word that is not countable and cannot generally be used with the indefinite article or in the plural.
Source: ISO12620

Example: bread
Source: Mitre; TEI(green text)

Explanation: ...
Source: Mitre; TEI(green text)

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1920

Identifier: modalParticle   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: particle

Definition: Particle which functions as a modal.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-3852

Identifier: numberNoun   Type: simple   Origin:    Profiles: Private, Morphosyntax

Definition: noun expressing a number
Source:

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1939

Identifier: numeralMForm   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: numeral

Definition: Numeral MForm.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1940

Identifier: numeralApprox   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: numeral

Definition: Numeric approximation.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1938

Identifier: numeralBoth   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: numeral

Definition: Numeric value for two.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1935

Identifier: numeralDigit   Type: simple   Origin: Prague Dependency Treebank, among others   Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: numeral

Definition: Numeral expressed by Arabic digits.
Source: GF

Example: "1", "2", "3", "4", "1992"
Source: CoNLL 2006 Czech treebank

Language sections: English, Czech, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1937

Identifier: numeralLetter   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: numeral

Definition: Numeral expressed with letters.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1936

Identifier: numeralRoman   Type: simple   Origin: Prague Dependency Treebank, among others   Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: numeral

Definition: Numeral expressed with roman digits.
Source:

Example: "I", "II", "III", "IV", "V", "VI", "VII", "VIII", "IX", "X"
Source: DZ

Language sections: English, Czech, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-3853

Identifier: onceNoun   Type: simple   Origin:    Profiles: Private, Morphosyntax

Definition: noun conveying the meaning that the action is performed once
Source: Sfax

Example: in Arabic: Darba (a stroke)
Source: Karlheinz Moerth

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-2082

Identifier: openBracket   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: open punctuation

Definition: Punctuation that is represented graphically as [
Source:

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-2084

Identifier: openCurlyBracket   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: open punctuation

Definition: Punctuation that is graphically represented as {
Source:

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-2078

Identifier: openPunctuation   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: punctuation

Definition: Beginning of a paired punctuation.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1345

Identifier: partOfSpeech   Type: complex/closed   Origin: Common in lexicograpy, terminology, other domains   Profiles: Morphosyntax, Terminology

Definition: Term used to describe how a particular word is used in a sentence.
Source: www.southwestern.edu/~carlg/Latin_Web/glossary.html

Language sections: English, Czech, French

Data type: string

---

adjective

adjective; standardized name

adjective; Source: ISO 12620; morphosyntax; data element name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1230

Identifier: adjective   Type: simple   Origin: ISO 12620, morphosyntax group   Profiles: Morphosyntax, Terminology

Definition: Part of speech related to attributes of noun.
Source: GF, morphosyntax
Note: We speak of an adjective when one can ask the question: how is something?

Example: A big horse
Source: www.southwestern.edu/~carlg/Latin_Web/glossary.html

Language sections: English, French

---

ordinal adjective

ordinal adjective; standardized name

ordinal numeral; standardized name

ordinal numeral; Source: Prague Dependency Treebank (http://ufal.mff.cuni.cz/pdt/Corpora/PDT_1.0/References/mman.html#pos-tags); data element name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1338

Identifier: ordinalAdjective   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: adjective

Definition: Adjective/numeral/number expressing a numeric ranking.
Source: GF

Example: en: "first", "second", "third", "fourth"
Source: DZ

Example: cs: "první" ("first"), "druhý" ("second"), "třetí" ("third"), "čtvrtý" ("fourth")
Source: DZ

Note: In some theories (e.g. standard Czech grammar) this is considered a subclass of numerals, not adjectives, although it follows adjectival inflection patterns (even in Czech) and behaves syntactically like adjectives.

Language sections: English, Czech, French

---

participle adjective

participle adjective; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1598

Identifier: participleAdjective   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: adjective

Definition: Adjective based on a verb.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

past participle adjective

past participle adjective; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1596

Identifier: pastParticipleAdjective   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: participle adjective

Definition: Adjective based on a past participle.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

present participle adjective

present participle adjective; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1597

Identifier: presentParticipleAdjective   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: participle adjective

Definition: Adjective based on a present participle.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

qualifier adjective

qualifier adjective; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1477

Identifier: qualifierAdjective   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: adjective

Definition: Adjective used to qualify.
Source:
Note: This is the main class of adjective. For instance "nice".

Language sections: English, French

---

adposition

adposition; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1231

Identifier: adposition   Type: simple   Origin: ?   Profile: Morphosyntax

Definition: Part of speech that occurs before/inside/after a complement composed of a noun phrase, noun, pronoun or clause that functions as a noun phrase and form a single structure with the complement to express its grammatical and semantic relation to another unit.
Source: Eagles
Note: Is a cover term for preposition, circumposition and postposition.

Language sections: English, French

---

circumposition

circumposition; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1906

Identifier: circumposition   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: adposition

Definition: Adposition which consists of two parts which are positioned ahead and after the adpositional foci.
Source: Academic grammar of new Persian 2005
Note: New Persian circumpositions are classified as simple and genitival circumpositions.

Language sections: English, French

---

postposition

postposition; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1360

Identifier: postposition   Type: simple   Origin: ?   Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: adposition

Definition: Adposition that appears at the end of the noun phrase.
Source: Gil Francopoulo

Example: Japanese: doko ni where at, doko e where to
Source:

Example: Korean: Hanguk e to Korea
Source:

Example: Hungarian: kutya nélkl dog without
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

preposition

preposition; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1366

Identifier: preposition   Type: simple   Origin: ?   Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: adposition

Definition: Adposition placed at the beginning of a noun phrase.
Source:
Note: Usually, a preposition indicates position, direction, time or an abstract relation.

Example: into the woods
Source: www.atilf.fr AFFIXE

Language sections: English, French

---

compound preposition

compound preposition; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1934

Identifier: compoundPreposition   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: preposition

Definition: Preposition that is a aggregation of words
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

fused preposition

fused preposition; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1901

Identifier: fusedPreposition   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: preposition

Definition: Preposition that is the result of a morphological merge from at least two words.
Source: gf

Language sections: English, French

---

fused preposition determiner

fused preposition determiner; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-3010

Identifier: fusedPrepositionDeterminer   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: fused preposition

Definition: word resulting from the aggregation of a proposition and a determiner
Source: MultextEast

Example: "du" => "de"+"le" in French, meaning "from the"
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

simple preposition

simple preposition; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1900

Identifier: simplePreposition   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: preposition

Definition: Preposition that is a pure simple word in contrast with the notion of fused preposition.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

adverb

adverb; standardized name

adverb; Source: ISO 12620;ISO 30042; morphosyntax; data element name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1232

Identifier: adverb   Type: simple   Origin: ISO 12620;ISO 30042; morphosyntax   Profiles: Morphosyntax, Terminology

Definition: Part of speech to refer to an heterogeneous group of words whose most frequent function is to specify the mode of action of the verb.
Source: Crystal 2003

Definition: Part of speech used to refer to a heterogeneous group of words whose most frequent function is to specify the mode of action of the verb.
Source: Based on Crystal 2003

Example: She threw the ball far, She threw the ball very far, An extremely big horse
Source: www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/WhatIsAnAdposition.htm

Language sections: English, French

---

general adverb

general adverb; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1435

Identifier: generalAdverb   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: adverb

Definition: Adverb belonging to the general class of adverbs
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

bullet

bullet; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1438

Identifier: bullet   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Definition: Sign used to mark an item in a list.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

conjunction

conjunction; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1260

Identifier: conjunction   Type: simple   Origin: ?   Profile: Morphosyntax

Definition: Word that syntactically links words or constituents, and expresses a semantic relationship between them.
Source: www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/WhatIsAConjunction.htm
Note: A conjunction is positionally fixed relative to one or more of the elements related by it, thus distinguishing it from constituents such as English conjunctive adverbs.

Example: In English : Coordinating conjunctions : and, or, but Subordinating conjunctions : because , when, unless
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

coordinating conjunction

coordinating conjunction; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1262

Identifier: coordinatingConjunction   Type: simple   Origin: ?   Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: conjunction

Definition: Conjunction that links constituents.
Source: www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/WhatIsACoordinatingConjunction.htm
Note: Usually the linked contituents are equal in rank and fulfill identical functions.

Language sections: English, French

---

subordinating conjunction

subordinating conjunction; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1393

Identifier: subordinatingConjunction   Type: simple   Origin: ?   Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: conjunction

Definition: Conjunction that links constructions by making one of them a constituent of another. The subordinating conjunction typically marks the incorporated constituent.
Source: www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/WhatIsASubordinatingConjunctio.htm

Example: Listen when I speak to you
Source: www.hungarotips.com/hungarian/i/fonev1.html

Language sections: English, French

---

determiner

determiner; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1272

Identifier: determiner   Type: simple   Origin: ?   Profile: Morphosyntax

Definition: Word or affix that belongs to a class of noun modifiers that expresses the reference, including quantity, of a noun.
Source: www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/WhatIsADeterminer.htm
Note: some theories use to call a determiner an "attributive pronoun"

Example: All these houses
Source: www.atilf.fr DERIVATION GRAMM. 2.b

Language sections: English, French

---

article

article; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1892

Identifier: article   Type: simple   Origin: English, for instance   Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: determiner

Definition: Term used in the grammatical classification of words referring to a subclass of determiners which displays a primary role in differentiating the uses of nouns.
Source: Crystal 2003

Language sections: English, Czech, French

---

definite article

definite article; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1430

Identifier: definiteArticle   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: article

Definition: Article that allows the reference to a specific, identifiable entity (or class of entities).
Source: Crytal 2003
Note: It is usually contrasted with indefinite.

Language sections: English, French

---

indefinite article

indefinite article; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1308

Identifier: indefiniteArticle   Type: simple   Origin: ?   Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: article

Definition: Article not capable of expressing identification.
Source: Gil Francopoulo

Language sections: English, French

---

partitive article

partitive article; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1898

Identifier: partitiveArticle   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: article

Definition: Article expressing a part or quantity.
Source: Gil Francopoulo
Note: In English, for instance "some".

Language sections: English, French

---

demonstrative determiner

demonstrative determiner; standardized name

demonstrative adjective; admitted name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1269

Identifier: demonstrativeDeterminer   Type: simple   Origin: ?   Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: determiner

Definition: Determiner used to point to an entity in the situation or elsewhere in a sentence.
Source: Crystal 2003

Language sections: English, French

---

exclamative determiner

exclamative determiner; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1284

Identifier: exclamativeDeterminer   Type: simple   Origin: ?   Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: determiner

Definition: Determiner expressing an emotional utterance and marked with a strong intonation.
Source: Crystal 2003

Language sections: English, French

---

indefinite determiner

indefinite determiner; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1307

Identifier: indefiniteDeterminer   Type: simple   Origin: ?   Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: determiner

Definition: Determiner not capable of identification.
Source: Gil Francopoulo

Language sections: English, French

---

interrogative determiner

interrogative determiner; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1320

Identifier: interrogativeDeterminer   Type: simple   Origin: ?   Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: determiner

Definition: Determiner used to express a question.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

possessive determiner

possessive determiner; standardized name

possessive adjective; admitted name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1357

Identifier: possessiveDeterminer   Type: simple   Origin: ?   Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: determiner

Definition: Determiner that expresses ownership.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

reflexive adjective

reflexive adjective; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1377

Identifier: reflexiveDeterminer   Type: simple   Origin: ?   Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: determiner

Definition: Determiner that refers to the same entity.
Source:

Example: The groundhog saw his own shadow
Source: www.southwestern.edu/~carlg/Latin_Web/glossary.html

Language sections: English, French

---

relative determiner

relative determiner; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1379

Identifier: relativeDeterminer   Type: simple   Origin: ?   Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: determiner

Definition: Determiner related to a referent.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

fused preposition pronoun

fused preposition pronoun; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-3009

Identifier: fusedPrepositionPronoun   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Definition: word resulting from the aggregation of a preposition and a pronoun
Source: MultextEast

Example: "proň" => "pro"+"něj", in Czech, meaning "for"+"him"
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

interjection

interjection; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1318

Identifier: interjection   Type: simple   Origin: ?   Profile: Morphosyntax

Definition: Word or sound that expresses an emotion.
Source: www.southwestern.edu/~carlg/Latin_Web/glossary.html
Note: An interjection usually lacks grammatical connection.

Example: D'hoo !!!
Source: zeus.inalf.fr INTENSIF

Language sections: English, French

---

noun

noun; standardized name

noun; Source: Morphosyntax; ISO 12620; data element name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1333

Identifier: noun   Type: simple   Origin: Morphosyntax; ISO 12620; ISO 30042   Profiles: Morphosyntax, Terminology

Definition: Part of speech assigned to words that designate a person, place, action, property or thing etc. that may have morphosyntactic properties like number or case and syntactic combination like modification by an adjective or determination by a determiner
Source: adapted from ISO 12620 with Jan Odijk's comments
Note: It is very difficult to characterize nouns semantically. Let's add that specific derivation and compounding properties may be used to distinguish nouns from other POS like prepositions and determiners.

Example: table, present, idea, Napoleon, Spiderman
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

common noun

common noun; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1256

Identifier: commonNoun   Type: simple   Origin: ?   Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: noun

Definition: Noun that signifies a non-specific member of a group.
Source: www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/WhatIsACommonNoun.htm

Example: Planet, orange, and drum
Source: http://www.wordreference.com/English/definition.asp?en=common+noun

Language sections: English, French

---

diminutive noun

diminutive noun; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-2225

Identifier: diminutiveNoun   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: noun

Definition: diminutive noun
Source: MIRACL LSCA

Language sections: English, French

---

proper noun

proper noun; standardized name

proper noun; Source: GF; data element name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1371

Identifier: properNoun   Type: simple   Origin: Morphosyntax   Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: noun

Definition: Noun that is the name of a specific individual, place, or object.
Source: www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/WhatIsAProperNoun.htm

Example: New York City
Source: ELM-FR:EAGLES Specifications for French

Language sections: English, French

---

numeral

numeral; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1334

Identifier: numeral   Type: simple   Origin: Prague Dependency Treebank, among others   Profile: Morphosyntax

Definition: Part of speech that expresses a number or the relation to a number.
Source: GF

Language sections: English, Czech, French

---

particle

particle; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1342

Identifier: particle   Type: simple   Origin: ?   Profile: Morphosyntax

Definition: Word that does not belong to one of the main classes of words, is invariable in form, and typically has grammatical or pragmatic meaning.
Source: www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/WhatIsAParticle.htm

Example: up (in set up)
Source: MAR. Lex. 1951

Language sections: English, French

---

affirmative particule

affirmative particule; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1918

Identifier: affirmativeParticle   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: particle

Definition: Particle used to express affirmation.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

comparative particle

comparative particle; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1922

Identifier: comparativeParticle   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: particle

Definition: Particle used to compare.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

conditional particule

conditional particule; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-2230

Identifier: conditionalParticle   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: particle

Definition: conditional particule
Source: MIRACL & LSCA

Language sections: English, French

---

coordination particle

coordination particle; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-2227

Identifier: coordinationParticle   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: particle

Definition: particle for coordination
Source: MIRACL & LSCA

Language sections: English, French

---

distinctive particle

distinctive particle; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-2228

Identifier: distinctiveParticle   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: particle

Definition: distinctive particle
Source: MIRACL & LSCA

Language sections: English, French

---

future particle

future particle; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1919

Identifier: futureParticle   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: particle

Definition: Particle used in order to express future.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

infinitive particle

infinitive particle; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1896

Identifier: infinitiveParticle   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: particle

Definition: Particle used to express infinitive.
Source:
Note: In English, this particle is "to" like in "to go".

Language sections: English, French

---

interrogative particle

interrogative particle; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1921

Identifier: interrogativeParticle   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: particle

Definition: Particle used to express a question.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

negative particle

negative particle; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1894

Identifier: negativeParticle   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: particle

Definition: Particle used to express negation.
Source: Gil Francopoulo

Language sections: English, French

---

possessive particle

possessive particle; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1895

Identifier: possessiveParticle   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: particle

Definition: Particle expressing ownship.
Source:
Note: For instance, in English, the "'s" of the saxon genitive.

Language sections: English, French

---

relative particle

relative particle; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-2229

Identifier: relativeParticle   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: particle

Definition: relative particle
Source: MIRACL & LSCA

Language sections: English, French

---

superlative particle

superlative particle; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1923

Identifier: superlativeParticle   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: particle

Definition: Particle expressing superlative degree. Superlative is the comparison between more than two entities and contrasts with comparative where only two entities are involved and positive where no comparison is implied.
Source: Crystal 2003

Language sections: English, French

---

unclassified particle

unclassified particle; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1897

Identifier: unclassifiedParticle   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: particle

Definition: Particle that is not covered by other sorts of particle definitions.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

prepositional adverb

prepositional adverb; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-3000

Identifier: prepositionalAdverb   Type: simple   Origin:    Profiles: Private, Morphosyntax

Definition: adverb which is very similar in its form to a preposition
Source: Gil Francopoulo

Example: "to" in "I can do this if you want me to".
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

pronominal adverb

pronominal adverb; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-2998

Identifier: pronominalAdverb   Type: simple   Origin:    Profiles: Private, Morphosyntax

Definition: adverb formed in replacement of a preposition and a pronoun
Source:

Example: "for that" => "therefore "
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

pronoun

pronoun; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1370

Identifier: pronoun   Type: simple   Origin: ?   Profile: Morphosyntax

Definition: Word used in place of a noun or a noun phrase.
Source:
Note: In a lot of languages, a pronoun agrees with its antecedent in number, gender or/and case. Some theories use to call a pronoun a "substituting pronoun" to distinguish this term from "attributive pronoun"

Example: She
Source: www.atilf.fr PRONOMINAL B.

Language sections: English, French

---

affixed personal pronoun

affixed personal pronoun; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-2221

Identifier: affixedPersonalPronoun   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: pronoun

Definition: Personnal pronoun that is affixed, i.e. added as an affix to another word.
Source: MIRACL & LSCA

Example: pl: "-ń" in "Czekam nań." = lit. "I-am-waiting for-him."
Source: Adam Przepiórkowski

Explanation: In Polish, there are 4 different forms of the 3rd person sg acc/gen personal pronoun: jego (possibly stressed, not after a preposition) go (never stressed, not after a preposition) niego (possibly stressed, only after a preposition) -ń (obviously never stressed, only after a preposition) So, for example, "I am waiting for him" could be in Polish: Czekam na niego. or: Czekam nań.
Source: Adam Przepiórkowski

Note: Whether pronoun affixes are tagged separately depends on tokenization scheme. If the inner boundary of e.g. the Polish "na|ń" is not recognized, the full word can be classified as "fused preposition pronoun".

Language sections: English, French

---

allusive pronoun

allusive pronoun; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-2223

Identifier: allusivePronoun   Type: simple   Origin: Unité de recherche LSCA SFAX / Tunisie   Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: pronoun

Definition: Pronoun that refers to something characterized by allusions.
Source: MIRACL & LSCA
Note: For example for Arabic.

Example: ar: "كَمْ" ("kam") = "how much", "كَيْتَ" ("kyt") = "in such a way"
Source: http://tagmatica.fr/publications/Aida_TALN2007_Final.pdf

Explanation: It is an invariable noun expressing a specific intention by means of unclear term.
Source: Aïda Khemakhem

Explanation: Allusive pronoun : it is an invariable pronoun expressing a specific intention by means of unclear term: كَمْ , كَأَيٍّ, كَذَا, كَيْتَ وَ ذَيْتَ, بِضْعُ وَفُلَان For « كَمْ » (kam), it has two different uses - It may be a interrogative pronoun: interrogative kam alludes to a number ignored by the questioner waiting for its designation : “ ? كَمْ طَالِبٍ جَاءَ » how many students have come ? - It may be a allusive pronoun: predicative kam alludes to an important number in order to inform about it, not to designate it: “! كَمْ طَالِبٍ جَاءَ » how many students have come! « ! كَمْ أُنَاسٍ » how many people !
Source: Aïda Khemakhem

Explanation: Here are some examples from two well known Arabic-English dictionaries. Unfortunately, I do not have an Arabic keyboard installed so I have to use transcriptions >From Hans Wehr - kam nahaituhu - how often I forbade him >From the Georgetown University Iraqi Arabic-English Dictionary - baas Saar `amra `ashr isniin, gam (= kam) yriid paysikil - He just turned ten, and here [how] he wants a bicycle gam (= kam) yurguS imnil-faraH [how] he jumped for joy
Source: Monte

Language sections: English, Arabic, French

---

conditional pronoun

conditional pronoun; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-2222

Identifier: conditionalPronoun   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: pronoun

Definition: conditional pronoun
Source: MIRACL & LSCA
Note: For example for Arabic.

Language sections: English, French

---

demonstrative pronoun

demonstrative pronoun; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1270

Identifier: demonstrativePronoun   Type: simple   Origin: ?   Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: pronoun

Definition: Pronoun used to point to an entity in the situation or elsewhere in a sentence.
Source: Crystal 2003

Language sections: English, French

---

emphatic pronoun

emphatic pronoun; standardized name

emphatic pronoun; Source: Multext East; data element name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1941

Identifier: emphaticPronoun   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: pronoun

Definition: An emphatic pronoun is a personal pronoun that is used to emphasize its referent.
Source: http://www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/WhatIsAnEmphaticPronoun.htm

Example: fr: "Moi, je suis français." = "Me, I am French."
Source: http://www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/WhatIsAnEmphaticPronoun.htm

Explanation: This is a term used in many gram. books. One can also come across it in descriptions of some Bantu languages. Very often it is used as a synonym of absolute pronoun. Cf. for example Clement M. Doke: Textbook of Zulu Grammar. 1968 (6th edition), p.89. Derek Gowlett: Zone S. In: The Bantu Languages. London, New York. Routledge 2003. p.625. Like many Bantu languages, isiZulu is a pro-drop language. When translating English/French/German pronouns into isiZulu we use class-markers which are prefixed to the verb. In addition, there exist so-called absolute pronouns, i.e. independent, self-standing pronouns which are not necessarily used emphatically or to express contrast. The difference between absolute pronouns and emphatic pronouns (which morphologically appear to be the same) is that the emphatic set of pronouns is used in addition to other class-markers that refer to the same subject/object. Two simple examples from Doke (p.89): Ngi-thanda bona. 1sg-love 3pl-abs_pron I like them. Mina ngi-khuluma iqiniso ... 1sg-emph_pron 1sg-speak truth As for me, I speak the truth ... By the way, in the SIL-glossary (http://www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/WhatIsAnEmphaticPronoun.htm) there is a definition and a nice French example: Def.: An emphatic pronoun is a personal pronoun that is used to emphasize its referent. Ex.: Moi, je suis français. ‘Me, I am French.’
Source: Karlheinz Moerth

Language sections: English, French

---

exclamative pronoun

exclamative pronoun; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1285

Identifier: exclamativePronoun   Type: simple   Origin: ?   Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: pronoun

Definition: Pronoun marked with an emotional utterance and/or a strong intonation.
Source: Crystal 2003

Example: For instance, looking at a nice picture our comment could be either "beautiful!" (simple exclamation) or "how beautiful!" (using "how" as an exclamative pronoun).
Source: http://learnitalian.elanguageschool.net/interrogative-and-exclamative-pronouns

Explanation: Interrogative pronouns can be used exclamatively (see example). Thus, exclamative pronouns are sometimes considered part of interrogatives.
Source: http://learnitalian.elanguageschool.net/interrogative-and-exclamative-pronouns

Language sections: English, French

---

existential pronoun

existential pronoun; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-3012

Identifier: existentialPronoun   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: pronoun

Definition: pronoun that indicates the existence of something or someone
Source: gf

Example: "there" in the sentence "there is a dog"
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

fused pronoun auxiliary

fused pronoun auxiliary; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-3008

Identifier: fusedPronounAuxiliary   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: pronoun

Definition: word resulting from the aggregation of a pronoun and an auxiliary
Source: multextEast

Example: "tys" => "ty"+"jsi", in Czech, meaning "you"+"are"
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

impersonal pronoun

impersonal pronoun; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1426

Identifier: impersonalPronoun   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: pronoun

Definition: Pronoun lacking person referent.
Source: Gil Francopoulo

Example: de: "man" as in "Man nennt das Pronomen." = lit. "One calls it pronoun." = "It is called pronoun."
Source: DZ

Explanation: The term "impersonal" does not mean "any pronoun but personal". It is rather a pronoun with a function and usage very close to personal pronouns but it does not refer to any particular person. It is close to indefinite pronouns that can refer to an unknown person. However, the usage of the German "man" is specific and different from the indefinite pronoun "jemand" ("somebody"). Constructions with "man" are typically translated using passive to other languages.
Source: DZ

Language sections: English, French

---

indefinite pronoun

indefinite pronoun; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1309

Identifier: indefinitePronoun   Type: simple   Origin: ?   Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: pronoun

Definition: Pronoun that does not allow reference.
Source: Gil Francopoulo

Example: Anybody, somebody
Source: www.atilf.fr IMPERSONNEL Gramm.

Language sections: English, French

---

interrogative pronoun

interrogative pronoun; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1321

Identifier: interrogativePronoun   Type: simple   Origin: ?   Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: pronoun

Definition: Pronoun used to express a question.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

negative pronoun

negative pronoun; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1925

Identifier: negativePronoun   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: pronoun

Definition: Pronoun used in a context of a negation or for expressing a negation.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

personal pronoun

personal pronoun; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1463

Identifier: personalPronoun   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: pronoun

Definition: Pronoun referring a person.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

irreflexive personal pronoun

irreflexive personal pronoun; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-3013

Identifier: irreflexivePersonalPronoun   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: personal pronoun

Definition: personal pronoun which is not reflexive
Source: STTS

Example: "ich" in German
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

reflexive personal pronoun

reflexive personal pronoun; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-3014

Identifier: reflexivePersonalPronoun   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: personal pronoun

Definition: personal pronoun which is reflexive
Source: STTS

Example: "sich" in German
Source: STTS

Language sections: English, French

---

strong personal pronoun

strong personal pronoun; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1390

Identifier: strongPersonalPronoun   Type: simple   Origin: ?   Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: personal pronoun

Definition: Personal pronoun that can occupy the position after a preposition and/or reinforce a weak personal pronoun.
Source: Eagles
Note: String personal pronouns are in complementary distribution with weak personal pronouns. For instance, in French "toi" is stroong and "il is weak.

Language sections: English, French

---

weak personal pronoun

weak personal pronoun; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1414

Identifier: weakPersonalPronoun   Type: simple   Origin: ?   Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: personal pronoun

Definition: Personal pronoun that cannot occupy the position after a preposition and/or reinforce a strong personal pronoun.
Source:
Note: Weak personal pronouns are in complementary distribution with strong personal pronouns. For instance, in French "toi" is stroong and "il is weak.

Language sections: English, French

---

possessive pronoun

possessive pronoun; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1359

Identifier: possessivePronoun   Type: simple   Origin: ?   Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: pronoun

Definition: Pronoun that expresses ownership and relationships like ownership, such as kinship, and other forms of association.
Source: www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/WhatIsAPossessivePronoun.htm

Example: Mine
Source: www.sil.org/linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/WhatIsAPossessiveNoun.htm

Language sections: English, French

---

possessive relative pronoun

possessive relative pronoun; admitted name

relative possessive pronoun; admitted name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-3005

Identifier: possessiveRelativePronoun   Type: simple   Origin: Prague Dependency Treebank   Profiles: Private, Morphosyntax

Is a: pronoun

Definition: A relative pronoun whose antecedent is the possessor of the subject or object in the relative clause.
Source: DZ

Example: cs: "jehož" as in "To je muž, jehož syna učím." = "This is the man whose son I teach."
Source: DZ

Note: Not to be confused with the genitive form of an interrogative/relative pronoun. Example (cs): interrogative/relative pronoun "který" = "which", genitive form "kterého" = "of which", interrogative usage: "Kterého z vás je toto auto?" = lit. "Which-genitive of you is this car?" = "Whom of you does this car belong to?", relative usage: "Nevím, kterého z nich je to auto." = lit. "I do-not-know, which-genitive of them is this car." = "I do not know whom of them the car belongs to."

Note: Not to be confused with interrogative/relative pronoun expressing possession by an unknown possessor. Example (cs): interrogative/relative pronoun "čí" = "whose", interrogative usage: "Čí je toto auto?" = lit. "Whose is this car?", relative usage: "Nevím, čí je to auto." = "I do not know whose car it is." In this case, the pronoun "čí" does not refer anaphorically to a particular noun phrase (possessor) in the main clause. Consequently, it does not need to agree in gender and number with the possessor. In contrast, a possessive relative pronoun directly refers to a noun phrase (possessor) and agrees with it in gender and number: "jehož" (masculine singular), "jejíž" (feminine singular), "jejichž" (plural) etc.

Language sections: English, Czech

---

presentative pronoun

presentative pronoun; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-3015

Identifier: presentativePronoun   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: pronoun

Definition: pronoun that identify the current locative or temporal situation
Source: MultextEast

Example: ex="ecco" in Italian or "voici" in French
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

reciprocal pronoun

reciprocal pronoun; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1924

Identifier: reciprocalPronoun   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: pronoun

Definition: Pronoun expressing mutual relationship.
Source: Gil Francopoulo
Note: In English, for instance, the multiword expression "each other".

Language sections: English, French

---

reflexive possessive pronoun

reflexive possessive pronoun; admitted name

reflexive possessive pronoun; Source: Prague Dependency Treebank; data element name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-3001

Identifier: reflexivePossessivePronoun   Type: simple   Origin: Prague Dependency Treebank   Profiles: Private, Morphosyntax

Is a: pronoun

Definition: A possessive pronoun that refers to the subject as the possessor.
Source: DZ

Example: cs: "své" as in "Martin mi půjčil své auto." = "Martin lent me his (own) car." This is in contrast to the non-reflexive possessive "jeho" in "Martin mi půjčil jeho auto." = "Martin lent me his (someone else's) car."
Source: DZ

Language sections: English, Czech

---

relative pronoun

relative pronoun; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1380

Identifier: relativePronoun   Type: simple   Origin: Prague Dependency Treebank, for example   Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: pronoun

Definition: Pronoun which introduces a relative clause and refers to something that has been said before.
Source: www.southwestern.edu/~carlg/Latin_Web/glossary.html + Canoonet
Note: Usually, the relative pronoun agrees with its antecedent in number and gender, while its case comes from its use in its own clause

Example: en: "whom" in "The man whom we saw is tall."
Source: www.southwestern.edu/~carlg/Latin_Web/glossary.html

Language sections: English, Czech, French

---

interrogative relative pronoun

interrogative relative pronoun; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-3016

Identifier: interrogativeRelativePronoun   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: relative pronoun

Definition: pronoun which may act as a relative pronoun or an interrogative one
Source: STTS

Example: "warum" in German
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

punctuation

punctuation; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1372

Identifier: punctuation   Type: simple   Origin: ?   Profile: Morphosyntax

Definition: Graphical mark used either at word level to indicate an abbreviation or at a text level to separate phrases or sentences.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

relation noun

relation noun; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-2226

Identifier: relationNoun   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Definition: relation noun
Source: MIRACL & LSCA

Language sections: English, French

---

verb

verb; standardized name

verb; Source: Morphosyntax; ISO 12620; ISO 30042; data element name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1424

Identifier: verb   Type: simple   Origin: Morphosyntax; ISO 12620; ISO 30042   Profiles: Morphosyntax, Terminology

Definition: Element which, singly or in combination with other verbs is used as the minimal predicate of a sentence, co-occurring with a subject.
Source: Crystal 2003
Note: If the predicate contains other elements (e.g. object, complement), then it is the verb which more than any other is the unit which influences the choice and extent of these elements. A verb (in many languages) expresses morphological features like tense, mood or person.

Language sections: English, French

---

copula

copula; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1263

Identifier: copula   Type: simple   Origin: ?   Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: verb

Definition: Special word that combines the subject of a sentence and its description.
Source: www.sf.airnet.ne.jp/~ts/japanese/copula.html
Note: Copulas are often irregular in many languages. The English word "be" is a copula. It is the verb whose inflection is most irregular in English.

Language sections: English, French

---

main verb

main verb; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1400

Identifier: mainVerb   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: verb

Definition: Main verb in contrast to a modal or an auxiliary.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

modal

modal; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1329

Identifier: modal   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: verb

Definition: Verb form that is usually used with another verb to express ideas such as possibilities, permission, or intention.
Source: Gil Francopoulo

Language sections: English, French

---

plain verb

plain verb; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-3004

Identifier: plainVerb   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: verb

Definition: verb which has its own semantics
Source:

Example: he drinks water
Source:

Language sections: English, French

---

voice noun

voice noun; standardized name

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-2253

Identifier: voiceNoun   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Definition: noun of a voice
Source:
Note: used in Arabic, to describe for instance, the voice of a cat, that is a murmur

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-3857

Identifier: placeNoun   Type: simple   Origin:    Profiles: Private, Morphosyntax

Definition: noun expressing a location
Source:

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-2081

Identifier: quote   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: unclassified punctuation

Definition: Punctuation usually used to surround a quotation.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1382

Identifier: residual   Type: simple   Origin: ?   Profile: Morphosyntax

Definition: The residual value is assigned to classes of textword which lie outside the traditionally accepted range of grammatical classes, although they occur quite commonly in many texts.
Source: www.ilc.cnr.it/EAGLES96/annotate/node16.html#cmobli
Note: For example: foreign words, or mathematical formulae. It can be argued that these are on the fringes of the grammar or lexicon of the language in which the text is written. Nevertheless, they need to be tagged.

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-2076

Identifier: secondaryPunctuation   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: punctuation

Definition: Punctuation that is not very important with regards to sentence splitting in a text.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-3855

Identifier: timeNoun   Type: simple   Origin:    Profiles: Private, Morphosyntax

Definition: noun expressing time
Source:

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-2080

Identifier: unclassifiedPunctuation   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Is a: punctuation

Definition: Punctuation that cannot fit in the other sorts of punctuations.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-1891

Identifier: unclassifiedResidual   Type: simple   Origin:    Profile: Morphosyntax

Definition: Part of speech not covered by all other definitions.
Source:

Language sections: English, French

PID: http://www.isocat.org/datcat/DC-3858

Identifier: verbalNoun   Type: simple   Origin:    Profiles: Private, Morphosyntax

Definition: fixed nominal form associated with the derived forms or patterns of the verb
Source: Encyclopedia of Arabic Language and Linguistics IV (2009) Judith Rosenhouse

Language sections: English, French